杂篇 · Miscellaneous Chapters · Chapter 5

寓言Parables

寓言卮言

📖 Overview

This chapter is Zhuangzi's literary manifesto — his explanation of why he writes the way he does. He identifies three types of language: parables (yuyan, imagined voices — 90% of his text), weighty words (zhongyan, cited authorities — 70%), and goblet words (zhiyan, spontaneous overflow — endless).

🏮 Famous Stories & Parables

🏮 Zhuangzi's Three Types of Words

Zhuangzi explains his method: Parables are words put in the mouths of imagined characters — they carry truth through fiction. Weighty words are attributed to ancient authorities to gain credibility. Goblet words are spontaneous and natural, like water overflowing from a cup — they adapt to the moment without fixed form.

🔗 Key Concepts

寓言 卮言

📚 Further Reading