What Are Monthly Generals?
The Monthly Generals (月将, yuè jiàng) are twelve celestial figures, each associated with a segment of the ecliptic. They are the engine that drives the Heaven Plate — the Month General in effect at the time of inquiry determines how the entire chart is arranged.
The system is based on the Solar Terms (节气, jié qì), not the lunar calendar. Each Month General governs approximately one solar month, corresponding to the Sun's position through the twelve zodiacal divisions.
The Twelve Month Generals
| # | General | Chinese | Branch | Solar Term Start | Approx. Western Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Deng Ming | 登明 | 亥 Hài | 立春 Lì Chūn | Feb 4 |
| 2 | He Ji | 河魁 | 戌 Xū | 雨水 Yǔ Shuǐ | Feb 19 |
| 3 | Consecutive Qi | 从魁 | 酉 Yǒu | 惊蛰 Jīng Zhé | Mar 6 |
| 4 | Transmitting Yin | 传送 | 申 Shēn | 春分 Chūn Fēn | Mar 21 |
| 5 | Small Ji | 小吉 | 未 Wèi | 清明 Qīng Míng | Apr 5 |
| 6 | Victory Light | 胜光 | 午 Wǔ | 谷雨 Gǔ Yǔ | Apr 20 |
| 7 | Great Vastness | 太乙 | 巳 Sì | 立夏 Lì Xià | May 6 |
| 8 | Heaven's Conscience | 天罡 | 辰 Chén | 小满 Xiǎo Mǎn | May 21 |
| 9 | Great Vastness | 太冲 | 卯 Mǎo | 芒种 Máng Zhòng | Jun 6 |
| 10 | Power & Courage | 功曹 | 寅 Yín | 夏至 Xià Zhì | Jun 21 |
| 11 | Great Generality | 大吉 | 丑 Chǒu | 小暑 Xiǎo Shǔ | Jul 7 |
| 12 | Divine Later | 神后 | 子 Zǐ | 大暑 Dà Shǔ | Jul 23 |
Important: The Month General changes at the midpoint of each solar term (中气, zhōng qì), not at the beginning. This is a common source of errors. In practice, the transition happens around the dates listed above, but always verify with a reliable Chinese calendar.
How Month Generals Drive the Chart
The Month General determines the Heaven Plate arrangement through this process:
- Identify the current Month General based on the solar date of inquiry
- Find the inquiry hour's Earth Plate position (the时辰, two-hour period)
- Place the Month General's branch on that Earth Plate position
- Fill in the remaining branches in natural order, wrapping around the circle
This rotation is what makes every chart unique — even two charts cast on the same day but at different hours will have different Heaven Plate positions.
Why Solar Terms, Not Lunar Months?
This is a crucial distinction. Da Liu Ren uses the solar calendar (节气) for Month Generals, not the lunar calendar (农历). The reason is astronomical:
- The Month General tracks the Sun's actual position on the ecliptic
- Lunar months drift relative to the solar year (the reason we have leap months)
- Using solar terms ensures the Month General stays aligned with the actual cosmic energy of the season
Common mistake: Many beginners use the lunar calendar month to determine the Month General. This leads to incorrect charts. Always use the solar terms (节气) as your reference.
Practical Example
Suppose you're casting a chart on March 25 at 10:00 AM:
- March 25 falls after 春分 (Spring Equinox, ~Mar 21), so the Month General is 传送 (Transmitting Yin), associated with 申 Shēn
- 10:00 AM corresponds to the hour of 巳 (Sì), which sits at the SE position on the Earth Plate
- Place 申 on the 巳 position of the Earth Plate
- The remaining branches follow: 酉→午, 戌→未, 亥→申, 子→酉, etc.
Next Steps
- Heaven & Earth Plates — review the dual-plate system
- Day Stems & Branches — the heart of every chart
- Time Calculator — convert Western dates to Chinese time units