Sustaining Morale
激气、利气、厉气、断气、延气，五者俱备，士气不衰。
Inspire, encourage, sharpen, resolve, sustain morale — five methods to keep morale unbroken.
激气、利气、厉气、断气、延气，五者俱备，士气不衰。
初战激气，相持延气，败则厉气，胜则戒骄。
激发士气、鼓励士气、砥砺士气、坚定士气、延续士气，五种方法都具备了，士气就不会衰落。初战时激发士气，相持时延续士气，失败时砥砺士气，胜利时戒除骄傲。
Inspire, encourage, sharpen, resolve, sustain morale — five methods to keep morale unbroken. Inspire at first battle, sustain in stalemate, sharpen in defeat, avoid arrogance in victory.
士气是胜利之本；需持续激励、稳定军心，无论胜负都保持斗志
Morale is the foundation; sustain it regardless of victory or defeat.
"延气五法"是古代最系统的士气管理模型：激（初始激励）、利（利益驱动）、厉（逆境磨砺）、断（决心坚定）、延（持续维持）。对应现代心理学的动机理论——从内在驱动到外在激励的完整框架。
Compare to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs applied to military morale. Compare to positive psychology's "flow state."
项羽渡河后砸锅沉船，断绝退路激发将士死战之心，以少胜多大败秦军。
After crossing the river, Xiang Yu smashed the cooking pots and sank the boats, cutting off retreat to inspire his men to fight to the death, defeating the Qin army against overwhelming odds.
苏军在严寒中坚守莫斯科，斯大林红场阅兵提振士气，最终击退德军。
Soviet forces held Moscow in bitter cold; Stalin's Red Square parade boosted morale, and they ultimately repelled the Germans.
志愿军在上甘岭坑道中坚守43天，以顽强意志抵御美军猛烈炮火。
Volunteers held the Shangganling tunnels for 43 days, resisting devastating American bombardment through sheer willpower.