孙膑其人
生平事迹 Biography
孙膑（约公元前380年—前320年），战国时期齐国军事家，孙武后裔。曾与庞涓同学兵法，庞涓忌其才，设计使其受膑刑（剜去膝盖骨），故世称"孙膑"。后被齐国使者秘密救出，任齐威王军师。桂陵之战、马陵之战两度大败魏军，庞涓自刎。晚年退隐著书，留下兵法传世。
Sun Bin (c. 380–320 BC) was a military strategist of the Qi state during the Warring States period, and a descendant of Sun Tzu. He studied warfare alongside Pang Juan, who, out of jealousy, had Sun Bin's kneecaps removed — hence the name "Sun Bin" (the kneecapped). Rescued by a Qi envoy, he became military advisor to King Wei of Qi. He defeated Wei twice at the battles of Guiling and Maling, driving Pang Juan to suicide. He later retired and authored his classic treatise on warfare.
兵法概要 Overview
《孙膑兵法》共16篇，1972年出土于山东临沂银雀山汉墓竹简，失传近两千年终重见天日。全书继承并发展了孙武兵法思想，强调"必攻不守"的主动进攻原则，提出"天地之间莫贵于人"的人本战争观，在阵法、选卒、造势等方面有独到创见。
Sun Bin's Art of War consists of 16 chapters, discovered in 1972 on bamboo slips at the Yinque Han Tombs in Linyi, Shandong — lost for nearly 2,000 years. The text inherits and develops Sun Tzu's strategic thought, emphasizing the principle of "attacking the undefended," championing a human-centric view of warfare ("nothing between heaven and earth is more precious than people"), and offering unique insights on formations, troop selection, and momentum.
孙膑与孙武之比较
| 维度 Dimension | 孙武 Sun Tzu《孙子兵法》 | 孙膑 Sun Bin《孙膑兵法》 |
|---|---|---|
| 时代 Era | 春秋末期（约公元前515年） Late Spring and Autumn (c. 515 BC) |
战国中期（约公元前350年） Mid-Warring States (c. 350 BC) |
| 核心主张 Core Thesis | "不战而屈人之兵"——以全胜为上 "Subdue the enemy without fighting" — total victory is supreme |
"必攻不守"——主动进攻敌之薄弱 "Attack the undefended" — proactively strike weaknesses |
| 哲学基调 Philosophy | 慎战、重谋、全胜论 Cautious warfare, strategic planning, total victory |
重人、重势、实战论 People-centric, momentum-focused, combat-oriented |
| 战争观 War View | 兵者国之大事，死生之地 War is a matter of life and death for the state |
兵者凶器，不得已而用之 War is a deadly tool, used only when unavoidable |
| 用人观 Personnel | 将帅五德：智信仁勇严 Five virtues of a general: wisdom, trust, benevolence, courage, discipline |
篡卒选贤，明赏重罚，上下同心 Select capable soldiers, clear rewards and punishments, unity |
| 阵法研究 Formations | 概论奇正，未详阵法 Orthodox/unorthodox concept, no detailed formations |
专论八阵，车弩步骑协同 Detailed Eight Formations, chariot-crossbow-infantry-cavalry coordination |
| 战例运用 Case Studies | 理论体系完整，少引战例 Complete theoretical system, few historical cases |
以亲身战例（桂陵、马陵）实证理论 Uses own battles (Guiling, Maling) to demonstrate theory |
| 影响范围 Influence | 全球传播最广的兵书，十三篇完整传世 Most widely disseminated military classic globally, 13 chapters intact |
失传近2000年，1972年出土，学术价值重估中 Lost for ~2,000 years, rediscovered 1972, scholarly reappraisal ongoing |
十六篇 · 完整目录
擒庞涓
围魏救赵之经典战例，攻其必救、避实击虚、设伏歼敌。
围魏救赵见威王
兵者凶器，不得已而用之；备而后动，慎战安国。
慎战思想威王问
必攻不守——专攻敌人薄弱要害；以寡击众、以弱胜强。
必攻不守陈忌问垒
车弩步骑协同布阵，险地设伏，以逸待劳，控隘断路。
协同布阵篡卒
选贤取良，明赏重罚，恒胜五要：得主专制、知道、得众。
选卒制胜月战
天时、地利、人和三者兼备方能取胜；人最贵于天地间。
天时地利人和八阵
八种阵法详解——方、圆、锥、雁行、钩、冲、轮、浮沮。
阵法体系地葆
地形六害与五利，善用地形者胜，不善用者败。
地形利用势备
造势与蓄势——弓弩之势、激水之疾，善战者求之于势。
造势蓄能兵情
将帅之情、士卒之心、三军之气——治气与治心之道。
治气治心行卒
行军布阵之法，轻重缓急之度，行止有据进退有节。
行军要法杀士
不得已之战——死地求生、置之死地而后生的绝境战术。
绝境求生延气
养气延气之术——激气、利气、厉气、断气、延气五法。
士气管理官一
统一指挥体系——将帅一人之权，三军如一体之用。
指挥统一强兵
富国强兵之策——政令、军制、训练、装备四维并举。
强兵之策五教法
教戒、教耳、教目、教手、教足——五维训练体系。
训练体系视觉长廊
特色内容
竹简原文 · 三层对照
竹简释文 → 现代汉语 → 英文学术译本，三级文本体系完整呈现。
16 篇 Chapters古今战例库
从桂陵之战到海湾战争，从田忌赛马到小米商战——古今中外战例实证。
48+ Cases术语矩阵
势、道、奇正、阵法……200+核心术语中英对照、拼音标注与异译备注。
200+ Terms核心术语
现代商战应用
围魏救赵 → 迂回竞争
不与竞争对手在主战场硬碰硬，转而攻击其核心利益点或薄弱环节。典型案例：拼多多不与淘宝正面竞争电商主站，转攻下沉市场与社交裂变，迫使阿里回防。
Instead of a head-on clash on the main battlefield, attack the competitor's core interests or weak points. Case: Pinduoduo avoided competing directly with Taobao's main platform, instead targeting lower-tier markets and social commerce, forcing Alibaba to defend.
增兵减灶 → 信息博弈
故意释放虚假信息误导对手判断，使其低估或高估你的实力。商业中常见于竞品分析、融资谈判、市场推广等场景——隐藏真实意图，制造信息不对称。
Deliberately release false information to mislead competitors' assessments. Common in competitive analysis, fundraising negotiations, and market campaigns — conceal true intentions and create information asymmetry.
田忌赛马 → 资源配置
用局部劣势换取整体优势——在非核心领域接受损耗，集中优势资源于决定性战场。类似博弈论中的"混合策略均衡"，以结构性牺牲换取系统性胜利。
Trade local disadvantage for overall advantage — accept losses in non-core areas, concentrate superior resources on the decisive battlefield. Analogous to "mixed strategy equilibrium" in game theory.
必攻不守 → 差异化破局
专攻竞争对手不设防的领域。小米早期"必攻不守"——专攻线上直销、极致性价比、粉丝社群，避开传统手机厂重兵把守的线下渠道，快速破局。
Focus on areas where competitors are undefended. Xiaomi's early strategy — targeting online direct sales, extreme value, and fan communities, bypassing traditional manufacturers' strong offline channels.
最新更新
栏目首页上线 Column Homepage Launched
孙膑兵法中英双语自适应首页正式发布，包含16篇完整导航、核心术语库、孙武比较与现代商战应用。
Sun Bin's Art of War bilingual responsive homepage launched, featuring 16-chapter navigation, glossary, Sun Tzu comparison, and modern business applications.
术语库 v1.0 · Glossary v1.0
200+核心术语完成中英对照标注，含拼音与异译备注。
200+ core terms completed with pinyin, multiple translations, and scholarly notes.
擒庞涓 · 新增斯大林格勒战例
"围魏救赵"新增斯大林格勒战役对比分析，揭示古今迂回战略的共通逻辑。
"Besiege Wei to Rescue Zhao" — new Stalingrad comparison reveals the shared logic of indirect strategy across eras.
威王问 · 必攻不守实证
新增小米商战案例，以现代企业实证"必攻不守"的差异化破局策略。
New Xiaomi business case demonstrating the "attack the undefended" strategy in modern corporate competition.